Performance parameters of RF switch

Performance parameters of RF switch

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RF and microwave switches can send signals efficiently in the transmission path. The functions of these switches can be characterized by four basic electrical parameters. Although several parameters are related to the performance of RF and microwave switches, the following four parameters are considered to be critical due to their strong correlation:

Isolation
Isolation is the attenuation between the input and output of the circuit. It is a measure of the cut-off effectiveness of the switch.

Insertion loss
Insertion loss (also called transmission loss) is the total power lost when the switch is in the on state. Insertion loss is the most critical parameter for designers because it can directly lead to the increase of system noise figure.

Switching time
Switching time refers to the time required for switching from "on" state to "off" state and from "off" state to "on" state. This time can reach microseconds of high power switch and nanoseconds of low power high speed switch. The most common definition of switching time is the time required from the input control voltage reaching 50% to the final RF output power reaching 90%.

Power processing capacity
In addition, power handling capacity is defined as the maximum RF input power that a switch can withstand without any permanent electrical degradation.

Solid state RF switch
Solid state RF switches can be divided into non-reflection type and reflection type. The non-reflection switch is equipped with a 50 ohm terminal matching resistor at each output port to achieve a low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in both on and off states. The terminal resistor set on the output port can absorb the incident signal energy, while the port without terminal matching resistor will reflect the signal. When the input signal must be propagated in the switch, the above open port is disconnected from the terminal matching resistor, thus allowing the energy of the signal to be completely propagated from the switch. The absorption switch is suitable for applications where the echo reflection of the RF source needs to be minimized.

In contrast, reflective switches are not equipped with terminal resistors to reduce the insertion loss of open ports. Reflective switches are suitable for applications that are insensitive to high voltage standing wave ratio outside the port. In addition, in the reflective switch, impedance matching is realized by other components besides the port.

Another notable feature of solid-state switches is their drive circuits. Some types of solid-state switches are integrated with input control voltage drivers. The input control voltage logic state of these drivers can achieve specific control functions - providing the necessary current to ensure that the diode can obtain reverse or forward bias voltage.

Electromechanical and solid-state RF switches can be made into a variety of products with different packaging specifications and connector types - most coaxial switch products with operating frequencies up to 26GHz use SMA connectors; Up to 40GHz, 2.92mm or K-type connector shall be used; Up to 50GHz, use 2.4mm connector; Up to 65GHz use 1.85mm connectors.

 
We have one type 53GHz LOAD SP6T Coaxial Switch:
Type:
53GHzLOAD SP6T coaxial switch

Working frequency: DC-53GHz
RF connector: Female 1.85mm
Performance:
High isolation: larger than 80 dB at 18GHz, larger than 70dB at 40GHz, larger than 60dB at 53GHz;

Low VSWR: less than 1.3 at 18GHz, less than 1.9 at 40GHz, less than 2.00 at 53GHz;
Low Ins.less: less than 0.4dB at 18GHz, less than 0.9dB at 40GHz, less than 1.1 dB at 53GHz.

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Post time: Dec-28-2022